top of page

Group

Public·6 members
Elijah Evans
Elijah Evans

Buy Hpv Vaccine Online


Gardasil 9 is a vaccine for both men and women. It's given as 3 injections over 6 months. It gives up to 90% effective in preventing genital warts and cancers commonly caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).




buy hpv vaccine online



The vaccine is made from proteins that mimic HPV. When the vaccine is given, the body responds by making antibodies to get rid of it. If you are then exposed to the real virus, those same antibodies prevent it from entering cells and creating an infection which can ultimately lead to warts or cancer. The vaccine does not contain any live virus, so it cannot cause cancer or other HPV-related illnesses.


There are a few rare but serious side effects you need to know about before deciding to have the vaccine. These include difficulty breathing, encephalomyelitis (inflammation of the brain), Guillain-Barre Syndrome (rapid onset muscle weakness), and bleeding disorders.


Yes. If you started your course of 3 vaccines in another country or with another pharmacy/provider, you can finish your course with Online Doctor. Simply request the single dose of the vaccine when you start your consultation.


Note 1: The CDC Vaccine Price Lists posted on this website provide current vaccine contract prices and list the private sector vaccine prices for general information. Contract prices are those for CDC vaccine contracts that are established for the purchase of vaccines by immunization programs that receive CDC immunization cooperative agreement funds (i.e., state health departments, certain large city immunization projects, and certain current and former U.S. territories). Private providers and private citizens cannot directly purchase vaccines through CDC contracts. Private sector prices are those reported by vaccine manufacturers annually to CDC. All questions regarding the private sector prices should be directed to the manufacturers.


Note 2: The CDC price list does not represent all possible routinely recommended vaccine presentations available to providers in the United States. The price list represents only those vaccine presentations available through CDC contracts.


Anyone who is allergic to the ingredients of GARDASIL 9 or GARDASIL [Human Papillomavirus Quadrivalent (Types 6, 11, 16, and 18) Vaccine, Recombinant], including those severely allergic to yeast, should not receive the vaccine. GARDASIL 9 was not studied in women who knew they were pregnant.


Purpose: Approximately 73 million adults in the United States report using the Internet as a source for health information. This study examines the quality, content, and scope of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Internet news coverage starting on the day of its licensure. Information about the HPV vaccine in the media may influence personal attitudes and vaccine uptake.


Methods: Using four search engines and six search terms, a sample of 250 Internet articles on the HPV vaccine were identified between June 8, 2006, and September 26, 2006. The coding instrument captured how the headline was depicted and how the vaccine was labeled in addition to information about HPV, cervical cancer, the HPV vaccine, and current social issues and concerns about the vaccine.


Results: Analysis revealed balanced Internet news coverage; 52.4% of Internet news stories were coded as neutral toward the vaccine. Eighty-eight percent of articles labeled the vaccine as a cervical cancer vaccine; 73.5% explained the link between HPV and cervical cancer, although without providing background information on HPV or cervical cancer. Vaccine affordability was the most cited social concern (49.2%). Information about vaccine safety and side effects, duration of vaccine protection, and availability of the catchup vaccine for females aged 13-26 was repeatedly missing.


Conclusions: The HPV vaccine is being marketed as a vaccine to prevent cervical cancer. Comprehensive information on the vaccine, HPV, and cervical cancer continues to be missing from media coverage. Public health educators should monitor online media in an effort to respond to inaccurate information. Barriers to vaccine cost and funding mechanisms need to be addressed more effectively by states. Knowledge of particular media messages could provide a starting point for tackling opposition and uptake issues for future sexually transmitted infection (STI) vaccines.


Introduction: Surveys have shown that many people now turn to the Internet for health information when making health-related decisions. This study systematically analyzed the HPV vaccine information returned by online search engines. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease and is the leading cause of cervical cancers.


Results: Most websites were published by nonprofit or academic sources (34.8%) and governmental agencies (27.4%) and were neutral in tone (57.3%), neither promoting nor opposing the HPV vaccine. Overall, the websites presented suboptimal or inaccurate information related to the five behavioral predictors stipulated in the Health Belief Model. Questions related to civil liberties were present on some websites.


Conclusion: Health professionals designing online communication with the intent of increasing HPV vaccine uptake should take care to include information about the risks of HPV, including susceptibility and severity. Additionally, websites should include information about the benefits of the vaccine (i.e., effective against HPV), low side effects as a barrier that can be overcome, and ways in which to receive the vaccine to raise individual self-efficacy.


High vaccine prices, enabled by patent protection, is considered one of the main factors limiting the expansion of HPV vaccination in developing countries [12, 13]. Pharmaceutical companies that develop and manufacture vaccines frequently face demands to lower vaccine prices in order to make them affordable to poorer countries. The typical counterargument is that lower prices could induce companies to withdraw certain vaccines from the market or reduce research and development (R&D) investments for new vaccines [14, 15].


There are two strategies to promote vaccine R&D: pull programmes that provide financial reward to companies that develop successful vaccines and push programmes that provide direct funds for research. Pull programmes include prizes, compulsory licensing and patent buyouts whereas push programmes include research grants and tax credit [16]. For lowering prices of pharmaceuticals and extending access, pull programmes that limit market power of pharmaceutical companies entail larger potential.


We also estimate the global value of the Gardasil patents at market entry, using a similar methodology as for deriving the patent buyout price, and derive estimates of R&D costs by identifying each clinical trial sponsored by Merck on www.clinicaltrial.gov and a literature search. We calculate the R&D costs based on previously estimated costs per subject [15], clinical trial site, and study [21]. Vaccine and drug R&D is divided in two stages, pre-clinical (in vitro and in vivo studies) and clinical trials (phase I-III). Most of the pre-clinical development of Gardasil-4 was performed by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Georgetown University and University of Queensland who were the first to develop virus-like particle (VLP) technology used in the vaccine in the early 1990s [22]. Merck later acquired the licenses and took the then vaccine candidate to clinical testing [22].


We compute the ratio of estimated R&D costs for clinical trials to the patent value (PDV of the stream of profits from market entry to patent expiry). In theory, this ratio is the probability of success (POS) in finding an innovation that is required to just cover the R&D costs in expected value [23]. We thus compare our estimated ratio of R&D costs to the value of the Gardasil patents with POS estimates in the literature of moving vaccines for infectious diseases successfully from Phase I to approval. This strategy allows us to discuss whether the patent system gives vaccine producers more market power than needed to serve the goal of providing incentives to start clinical trials for a particular vaccine candidate.


There is no centralized database to obtain information about the status of the various patents related to a particular vaccine in different countries/regions. In the U.S., Gardasil patents expire in 2028, and similarly in other advanced countries [33, 53]. We focus on patent buyout prices for all country groups and total patent values until 2028.


Under the agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPS), administered by the World Trade Organization (WTO) and enforced in 1995, member countries with an industry capable of manufacturing vaccines must enforce patent protection of medicines and biological products [60]. There is evidence that TRIPS limited access to pharmaceuticals formerly manufactured by local suppliers [20]. However, under the agreement, the least-developed countries [61] are not obliged to provide patent protection in general until 2021, and on medicines (including vaccines) specifically until 2033 [62].


Brazil, India and China have a large generic pharmaceutical industry supplying 64% of vaccines purchased by UNICEF and 43% of vaccines procured by GAVI [22]. In addition to manufacturing generic vaccines, these countries are also capable of developing HPV vaccines themselves [22]. A common strategy used in the pharmaceutical industry to limit competition from Brazil, India and China is to apply for patents in these countries. There has been over 100 HPV vaccine related patent applications with GSK and Merck, the two companies that dominate the HPV vaccine market, having by far the highest number of patent applications [60].


WHO has launched a global effort to eliminate cervical cancer by promoting introduction of HPV vaccination in all countries [54]. Accordingly, 48 GAVI-supported countries announced plans to introduce multi-age cohort HPV vaccination and protect approximately 40 million girls by 2020 [54]. However current manufacturers could not match the demand leading to supply shortages and the goal been reduced to protect only 14 million girls [63]. Moreover, the introduction of HPV vaccination in China, India and Indonesia adds significantly to global demand. From 2023 the demand for HPV vaccines is likely to exceed production capacity [19]. 041b061a72


About

Welcome to the group! You can connect with other members, ge...

Members

Group Page: Groups_SingleGroup
bottom of page